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HYPOTHYROIDISM is a disorder of endocrine system in which thyroid gland does not produce enough hormone. Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the body lacks sufficient thyroid hormone. Since the main purpose of thyroid hormone is to “run the body’s metabolism”, it is understandable that people with this condition will have symptoms associated with a slow metabolism. 

HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT FOR HYPOTHYROIDISM

Homoeopathy is one of the most popular holistic systems of medicine. The selection of homoeopathic medicine for hypothyroidism is based upon the theory of individualization and symptoms similarity by using holistic approach. 

Homoeopathic treatment works in early cases of underactive thyroid. Fundamentally, it has to be understood that homoeopathic treatment aims at stimulating the thyroid gland to produce its own thyroid hormones. External supply of the hormone is not the treatment but an arrangement. Homoeopathic medicines try to correct the internal imbalance. This is possible in many cases if not all. If achieved successfully, the lifelong need for thyroid supplement may not be required.

If a patient is already taking conventional medicine for hypothyroidism, homoeopathy can be used in conjunction with it without interfering with the medication’s effectiveness. As the thyroid hormones gradually return to normal levels, the conventional medication can be gradually tapered off (with guidance from a doctor) while continuing with homoeopathy to prevent a recurrence.

UNDERSTANDING THYROID GLAND AND THYROID HORMONES

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped organ located in the front of your neck just under the voice box (larynx). Picture the middle of the butterfly’s body centered on your neck, with the wings hugging around your windpipe (trachea). The main job of the thyroid is to control your metabolism. Metabolism is the process that your body uses to transform food to energy your body uses to function. The thyroid creates the hormones T4 and T3 to control your metabolism. These hormones work throughout the body to tell the bodies cells how much energy to use. They control your body temperature and heart rate.

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When your thyroid works correctly, it’s constantly making hormones, releasing them and then making new hormones to replace what’s been used. This keeps your metabolism functioning and all of your body’s systems in check. The amount of thyroid hormones in the bloodstream is controlled by the pituitary gland, which is located in the center of the skull below the brain. When the pituitary gland senses either a lack of thyroid hormone or too much, it adjusts its own hormone (thyroid stimulating hormone, or TSH) and sends it to the thyroid to balance out the amounts.

If the amount of thyroid hormones is too high (hyperthyroidism) or too low (hypothyroidism), the entire body is impacted.

CAUSES OF HYPOTHYROIDISM

Hypothyroidism happens when the thyroid gland doesn't make enough hormones. Conditions or problems that can lead to hypothyroidism include.

  • Autoimmune disease. The most common cause of hypothyroidism is an autoimmune disease called Hashimoto's disease. Autoimmune diseases happen when the immune system makes antibodies that attack healthy tissues. Sometimes that process involves the thyroid gland and affects its ability to make hormones.
  • Thyroid surgery. Surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid gland can lower the gland's ability to make thyroid hormones or stop it completely.
  • Radiation therapy. Radiation used to treat cancers of the head and neck can affect the thyroid gland and lead to hypothyroidism.
  • Thyroiditis. Thyroiditis happens when the thyroid gland becomes inflamed. This may be due to an infection. Or it can result from an autoimmune disorder or another medical condition affecting the thyroid. Thyroiditis can trigger the thyroid to release all of its stored thyroid hormone at once. That causes a spike in thyroid activity, a condition called hyperthyroidism. Afterward, the thyroid becomes underactive.
  • Medicine. A number of medicines may lead to hypothyroidism. One such medicine is lithium, which is used to treat some psychiatric disorders. Less often, hypothyroidism may be caused by:
  • Problems present at birth. Some babies are born with a thyroid gland that doesn't work correctly. Others are born with no thyroid gland. In most cases, the reason the thyroid gland didn't develop properly is not clear. But some children have an inherited form of a thyroid disorder.
  • Pituitary disorder. A relatively rare cause of hypothyroidism is the failure of the pituitary gland to make enough thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). This is usually because of a non-cancerous tumor of the pituitary gland.
  • Pregnancy. Some people develop hypothyroidism during or after pregnancy. If hypothyroidism happens during pregnancy and isn't treated, it raises the risk of pregnancy loss, premature delivery and preeclampsia. Preeclampsia causes a significant rise in blood pressure during the last three months of pregnancy. Hypothyroidism also can seriously affect the developing fetus.
  • Not enough iodine. The thyroid gland needs the mineral iodine to make thyroid hormones. Iodine is found mainly in seafood, seaweed, plants grown in iodine-rich soil and iodized salt. Too little iodine can lead to hypothyroidism.

SYMPTOMS OF HYPOTHYROIDISM

The symptoms of hypothyroidism usually develop slowly over time, sometimes years. They can include:

  • Feeling tired (fatigue)
  • Experiencing numbness and tingling in your hands
  • Having constipation
  • Gaining weight
  • Experiencing soreness throughout your body (can include muscle weakness)
  • Having higher than normal blood cholesterol levels
  • Feeling depressed
  • Being unable to tolerate cold temperatures
  • Having dry, coarse skin and hair
  • Experiencing a decrease sexual interest
  • Having frequent and heavy menstrual periods
  • Seeing physical changes in your face (including drooping eyelids, as well as puffiness in the eyes and face)
  • Having your voice become lower and hoarser
  • Feeling more forgetful (“brain fog”)

WHO ARE AT RISK OF DEVELOPING HYPOTHYROIDISM?

Although anyone can develop hypothyroidism, you're at an increased risk if you.

  • Are a woman
  • Have a family history of thyroid disease
  • Have an autoimmune disease, such as type 1 diabetes or celiac disease
  • Have received treatment for hyperthyroidism
  • Received radiation to your neck or upper chest
  • ave had thyroid surgery

COMPLICATIONS OF HYPOTHYROIDISM

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Hypothyroidism that isn't treated can lead to other health problems, including.

  • Goiter. Hypothyroidism may cause the thyroid gland to become larger. This condition is called a goiter. A large goiter may cause problems with swallowing or breathing.
  • Heart problems. Hypothyroidism can lead to a higher risk of heart disease and heart failure. That's mainly because people with an underactive thyroid tend to develop high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol — the "bad" cholesterol.
  • Peripheral neuropathy. Hypothyroidism that goes without treatment for a long time can damage the peripheral nerves. These are the nerves that carry information from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. Peripheral neuropathy may cause pain, numbness and tingling in the arms and legs.
  • Infertility. Low levels of thyroid hormone can interfere with ovulation, which can limit fertility. Some of the causes of hypothyroidism, such as autoimmune disorders, also can harm fertility.
  • Birth defects. Babies born to people with untreated thyroid disease may have a higher risk of birth defects compared with babies born to mothers who do not have thyroid disease. Infants with hypothyroidism present at birth that goes untreated are at risk of serious physical and mental development problems. But if the condition is diagnosed within the first few months of life, the chances of typical development are excellent.
  • Myxedema coma. This rare, life-threatening condition can happen when hypothyroidism goes without treatment for a long time. A myxedema coma may be triggered by sedatives, infection or other stress on the body. Its symptoms include intense cold intolerance and drowsiness, followed by an extreme lack of energy and then unconsciousness. Myxedema coma requires emergency medical treatment.

DIAGNOSIS OF HYPOTHYROIDISM

The main way to diagnose hypothyroidism is a blood test called the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) test. Your doctor may also order blood tests for conditions like Hashimoto’s disease. If the thyroid is enlarged, the doctor may be able to feel it during a physical exam during an appointment.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

In hypothyroidism, the thyroid doesn’t make enough thyroid hormone.

The difference between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism is quantity. In hypothyroidism, the thyroid makes very little thyroid hormone. On the flip side, someone with hyperthyroidism has a thyroid that makes too much thyroid hormone. Hyperthyroidism involves higher levels of thyroid hormones, which makes your metabolism speed up. If you have hypothyroidism, your metabolism slows down.

In most cases, women with hypothyroidism during pregnancy have Hashimoto’s disease. This autoimmune disease causes the body’s immune system to attack and damage the thyroid. When that happens, the thyroid can’t produce and release high enough levels of thyroid hormones, impacting the entire body.

In some cases, there can be a connection between untreated hypothyroidism and erectile dysfunction. When your hypothyroidism is caused by an issue with the pituitary gland, you can also have low testosterone levels. Treating hypothyroidism can often help with erectile dysfunction if it was directly caused by the hormone imbalance.

If your hypothyroidism is not treated, you could gain weight. Once you are treating the condition, the weight should start to lower. However, you will still need to watch your calories and exercise to lose weight.

Iodine is a mineral that helps your thyroid produce hormones. One idea is that if you have low levels of thyroid hormone, eating foods rich in iodine could help increase your hormone levels. Foods that are high in iodine include eggs, dairy products, meat, poultry, seafood, edible seaweed, iodized salt etc.

People with thyroid condition should not consume large amounts of iodine because the effect may be paradoxical (self-contradictory).

AN OUTLOOK ON HYPOTHYROIDISM - BY DR. SMRITI’S HOMOEOPATHIC HEALING

Hypothyroidism can make your metabolism slow down resulting in number of symptoms like gaining weight, bone pains, memory weakness, menstrual irregularities, infertility, depression etc. Homoeopathy is strongly recommended to treat hypothyroidism. Homoeopathic treatment aims at stimulating the thyroid gland to produce its own thyroid hormones. External supply of the hormone is not the treatment but an arrangement. Homoeopathic medicines try to correct the internal imbalance. The aim of homoeopathy is not only to treat the disease condition but to address its underlying cause and individual susceptibility. This can be achieved through individualized remedy selection and treatment, the patient should consult a qualified homoeopathic doctor in person.